Tuesday, December 3, 2013

Ancient Egyptian Art in Museums

Expressed in form of sculptures, architecture, crafts and paintings, ancient Egyptian art is show cased in innumerable museums across the world since it has had an immense impact on the civilizations of the world. Art was and remains an important part of not only the civilization of Egypt but also across the world. The ancient Egyptian art has its roots in the canonical second and third Dynasty art initiated in Egypt in about 3000 BC and whose presence continued through the third century until today (Andrews, 1981, p. 35). The art has had such influence due to the fact that its highly symbolic and stylized. Much of the art displayed in museums both in Egypt and the West has been collected form tombs, monuments, temples and other territories. This has therefore continually emphasized on past knowledge preservation and legacy after death. For instance, the Right Eye preserved in Brooklyn Museum in the West was obtained from Anthropoid coffins in used in Egypt between 1539-30 BCE (Brooklyn Museum). This culture has been transferred from generation to generation through museums.

Various museums across the world preserve this culture differently through varying collections. In Brooklyn museum, there are collections of close to thirty five art materials representing different human body features. Many of these body parts are displayed here for the first time, and are in the form of fragments of objects and sculptures created to resemble the distinctly individual body features present in canonical sculpture in Egypt (Brooklyn Museum). According to Andrews, artists in ancient Egypt portrayed almost all parts of the human body in detail and hence these sculptures in Brooklyn represent notions held in the ancient times regarding the human body as well as workmanship details. Opened in 1975, Luxor museum for instance has been regarded as displaying the best antiquities in Egypt though to a limited extent. In Luxor museum, there are items such as Amenhotep III granite head symbolizing pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty discovered in 1967 in a water shaft and the head of the cow-goddess form the Tutankhamun tomb depicting how ancient Egyptians used art to represent authority.

At the Luxor museum still, sober the crocodile god is represented in form of a double calcite statue. More antiquities of ancient Egypt are displayed and include items such as arrows, saddles and boats collected from the Tutankhamun tomb (Mark). Most museums display walls reassembled to exhibits about 283 painted blocks of sand stone illustrating an ancient wall in the Karnaks dismantled temple inhabited by the heretic 18th Dynasty king Akhenaten.  Ancient coffins and items representing the periods that followed the demise of Egypts pharaoh are also on display. In Brooklyn Museum for instance funerary artistic materials such as 1989s stone sculptures found in Luxor temple are displayed. Funerary items such as offering tables, tomb furniture, mummy cases, cartonages and dozen other shabtis and statuettes are displayed in innumerable museums across the world. Ritual items, jewelry and daily life artifacts garage also displayed in the museums. 
      
In British museums, the paintings from the Nebamun chapel are among the greatest ancient Egypt art treasures (Andrews, 1981. P. 38). Mummy cases are displayed in the British museums to represent the upper Egyptians art of drying deceased bodies to preserve them for after life. In most instances, the mummy cases are displayed alongside Anubis statue the god with the jackal head and who was believed to usher the deceased to the underworld.  Animal mummies such as Khnumram with the gilded elephantine case, a cat and crocodiles are displayed to symbolize mummification. Some museums such as Luxor museum have art exhibitions representing a military theme which is focused on displaying the glorious empire of Egypt. These displays include the two great Egyptian warrior kings Rameses I and Ahmose. More military art include the hunting chariot and weaponry of the Tutankhamun (Freed, 1981. P. 78). The talatat-sand stone blocks are on display in various museums such as the British museums to represent the art of the famous relief carving. Moreover, the talatat wall is such as the one in Loxus museum is put on display to signify the ancient art of reconstructuring an entire wall of the talatat blocks during the ancient time (Mark). Over 40,000 talatat blocks are on display in museums across the world to display the building works of Amenhotep IVs Karnak.

A number of ancient Egyptian gods and kings statues are on display in various museums the world over. A range of these art displays  represent exceptionally sculptured works of the  Karnaks Akhenaten state, Thebes dynasty Amenhotep, Karnaks Rameses III, goddess linty statue and Horemheb.  Museums also have an extensive collection of papyrus rolls that were rediscovered in the 1940s and which represent the art of writing through crafting on papyrus and painting in ancient Egypt (Mark). Museums in Egypt such as Loxus have in display steatite, carved vases, and amulets and most uniquely the enamel covered Egyptian pots. In a number of other museums, there are Hieroglyphs which are scripts written in pictures and symbols (Freed 1981. P. 83). These have been paramount to the work of Egyptologists and archeologists. The museum walls displays encompass the use of scrab, motifs, and covers. These architectural structures are displayed in museums to display important events in life such as mammoths in the Loxus museum representing the art of mummification.

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